例如，当提到本文、此图、此表等说明了、表达了什么时要用一般现在时，而不用一般过去时。This paper describes ……The focus of this paper is ……Figure 1 shows ……Most of the common condensation polymers are listed in Table 1-1.
结论部分可以使用过去时强调过去的研究成果，采用现在时或将来时表达未来的研究方向或研究前景。Although the study found evidence of tillage and irrigation within the study area， from the data collected it was not possible to determine if the effects of agriculture upstream cause (or caused) higher levels of total nitrogen downstream. Further studies are therefore necessary to determine the effects of agriculture on the health of Stringybark Creek.
连接词与逻辑
写英文论文最常见的毛病是论文的逻辑不清楚，解决方法如下。
1）注意句子上下连贯，不能让句子独立。
常见的连接词有，However， also， in addition， consequently， afterwards， moreover， Furthermore， further， although， unlike， in contrast， Similarly， Unfortunately， alternatively， parallel results， In order to， despite， For example， Compared with， other results， thus， therefore……用好连接词能使论文层次清楚，意思明确。写完一段英文，最好首先检查是否较好地应用了这些连接词。
2）注意段落布局的整体逻辑。
经常我们要叙述一个问题的几个方面。在这种情况下，一定要注意论文整体的逻辑结构。
第一段要明确告诉读者你要讨论几个部份……Therefore， there are three aspects of this problem have to be addressed. The first question involves……The second problem relates to……The third aspect deals with……清晰地把观点逐层叙述。也可以直接用First， Second， Third， Finally……当然，Furthermore， in addition等可以用来补充说明。
•研究的问题有点片面，讨论时一定要说，It should be noted that this study has examined only……We concentrate (focus) on only……We have to point out that we do not……Some limitations of this study are……
•结论有些不足，The results do not imply……The results can not be used to determine(or be taken as evidence of)……Unfortunately， we can not determine this from this data……Our results are lack of……但指出这些不足之后，一定要马上再次加强本文的重要性以及可能采取的手段来解决这些不足，为别人或者自己的下一步研究打下伏笔。Not withstanding its limitation， this study does suggest……However， these problems could be solved if we consider……Despite its preliminary character， this study can clearly indicate……
