结果部分是SCI论文的重要组成部分,它反映了论文水平的高低及价值,是需要作者花费大量时间和精力写作的内容之一。关于结果部分的写作,不少作者会问,如何快速写好SCI论文结果呢?
首先,应该明确结果部分要写什么?结果的内容包括真实可靠的观察和研究结果,测定的数据,导出的公式,典型病例、取得的图像、效果的差异(有效与无效)、科学研究的理论结论等。对不符合主观设想的数据和结果,应作客观的分析报道。有的医学论文可将实验方法与结果连写。临床医学论文中也可将疗效标准、治疗结果和并发症写在结果内。
其次,应该清楚结果部分该怎么写?结果部分应根据不同情况分段叙述,可以设小标题,小标题之下亦可再设分标题。结果表达时应注意:①数据表达要完整:报告结果的例数与人选研究对象的例数应吻合,剔除例数与剔除理由应交待,失访例数及因其他原因死亡例数也应写清楚,如有数据不全应作解释。如进行两组比较,应列出两组除研究因素以外的其他临床基线情况(base line),并进行均衡性检验,两组是否可比。②科研设计时确定的科研假设主要测量指标,如在结果部分作丁更改应作解释。③统计处理注意事项:当相对数的分母太小时,应报道绝对数,如10/20例,而不能只报告50%病例;应用的率和比应正确,选择的各种统计分析方法要正确,复杂的统计分析要作解释;应同时报道95%可信区间(95%CI)④诊断试验的研究应报告灵敏度、特异度、预测值、似然比及受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。
最后,应该明白结果部分英文该如何表达?描述不同的结果,用不同的表达方式效果更佳。
第一,对于显著性差异分析:
1)如果差异显著,可以这样描述:
a, …is higher/lower/increase/decrease…in/by/withor after the administration of A than/compared with B;
b, Significantlyincreased/decreased…was observed in A compared with B。
c, significant differencesin…were observed/witnessed between A and B;
d, Enhanced/Decreased…inresponse to A/B was observed…;
e, A showedsignificant/better effect on …than/compared with B;
f, Asignificantly decreased/increase/improve …。
2)如果差异有趋势,可以这样描述:
a, A similartrend was observed in…;
b, A compared toC additionally trended to…;
c, …tend to…in Acompared with B;
d, A tendencytowards higher/lower…was seen in…。
3)如果差异不显著或结果类似,可以这样描述:
a, No impact ofA/B/(A and B) on…was demonstrated in the presented experiment;
b, No effect on…occurredwith or after the administration of A/B/(A and B);
c, No differencein…was observed/witnessed between A and B;
d, There was nodifference in…;
e, …in A and Bdid not differ;
f, …was notsignificantly altered by …-treatment…;
g, …was similarin all (between) groups and ranged from …to…。
4)如果两因素之间存在相互关系,比如干预和时间效应,可以这样描述:
a, A treatment ×period interaction/An interaction of treatment × week was observed for…as…(描述指标随时间变化);
b, There was an interactionof treatment × time for…。
另外,在描述结果时,可以尽量将两个相关的结果写在一句话中,用关联词链接,既可以使上下文衔接紧密,又可避免流水账式写法。如:
a, …in A and Bdid not differ, but … tended to be higher/lower with/in A/B;
b, …remained at arelatively low level, although a trend was observed for the increase/decreasein A/B in comparison with B/A;
c, A/B were not foundto affect/have no effect on…, but tendency to…was observed in B/A;
d, Despite/Inspite of no effect on…, A/B significantly increased/improved…;
e, Similartendencies, albeit not confirmed statistically/although not statisticallysignificant, were observed in the remaining groups in which patients were…;
f, A negativeeffect of…on…and a positive effect on…were observed。
第二,在描述相关性分析时,可以用:
a, …is verynegative significant correlated with …;
b, There is asignificant negative correlation between…and…;
c, Rises in…paralleledincrease in…;
d, …revealed asignificant correlation with…;
e, There was aninteraction between…and…。
第三,对生存分析的结果描述:
a, Survival curvesaccording to Kaplan-Meier showed: 1. Survival at…years is…%, with 95% CIbetween…and... ; 2. Survival estimate is…% at ... years;
b, Theoverall…-, …- and …-year survival rates of…were…%, …% and…%, respectively;
c, The overallsurvival rates of…were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier, with…%, …% and…% at…, …and… years, respectively;
d, The survivorshipanalysis (Kaplan-Meier) showed a…% survival of…after…years.
第四,针对诊断方法的灵敏度分析:
a, ROC analysis of …..determined that the cut-off valueof…yielded a sensitivity of…%, specificity of …%, … of …%, and…of…%;
b, A cut-off value of…resulted in a sensitivity,specificity, …and…of…%,…%,…% and…%, respectively。